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Global Universal Health Coverage Index Rose 17 Index Points Since 2000

World Bank | Conservation & Biodiversity

Global Universal Health Coverage Index Rose 17 Index Points Since 2000

“The global Universal Health Coverage (UHC) service coverage index rose from 54 index points in 2000 to 71 in 2023. 

  • The share of the global population incurring financial hardship due to OOP (out-of-pocket payments) health spending fell from 34% in 2000 to 26% in 2022.
  • The service coverage index has increased in virtually all countries (97%) since 2000.
  • The share of the population incurring financial hardship due to OOP health spending has declined in more than half of countries (54%).

Importantly, global inequalities in UHC outcomes have been reduced as countries, regions and country income groups with worse baseline values have achieved larger gains…

How is progress towards UHC measured?

Achieving progress requires addressing both service coverage and financial hardship in health, which are tracked by:

1. The service coverage index (SCI)

A composite index on a scale of 0 to 100 represents coverage of essential health services. It is composed of 14 tracer indicators in four broad health areas:

  • Reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH)
  • Infectious diseases
  • Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)
  • Service capacity and access

2. The financial hardship indicator

This indicator measures the proportion of the population experiencing financial hardship due to out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. Financial hardship can be experienced by:

  • People who see their ability to meet basic needs reduced by out-of-pocket payments (impoverishing OOP). This includes both those who are pushed into poverty due to such payments as well as those who are further impoverished by them.
  • People who are better off economically (non-poor) that face disproportionately large OOP spending.”

From World Bank.

The Guardian | Conservation & Biodiversity

Bermuda Snail Rebounds After near Extinction

“A button-sized snail once feared extinct in its Bermudian home is thriving again after conservationists bred and released more than 100,000 of the molluscs.

The greater Bermuda snail (Poecilozonites bermudensis) was found in the fossil record but believed to have vanished from the North Atlantic archipelago, until a remnant population was discovered in a damp and overgrown alleyway in Hamilton, the island capital, in 2014.

After a decade-long international effort by conservation scientists, the government of Bermuda and Chester zoo, where thousands of the snails were bred before being transported back to the islands, the species has been confirmed as safe from extinction.”

From The Guardian.

National Observer | Conservation & Biodiversity

Fish Are Flooding Back Into Toronto’s Don River

“The Don River in Toronto was once so polluted with waste, garbage and chemicals that it caught on fire. The water itself, which flows towards Lake Ontario, was so inhospitable that it hosted life’s very antithesis.

Now, after huge efforts to renaturalize the area, researchers are seeing a rebirth. The river has gone from being pronounced dead in 1969 to a place that is attracting fish and other aquatic species.

This month, Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA) shared its findings from the Don River in 2025, which include more than 20 fish species documented in its waters. For the first time since 2012, an Atlantic Salmon was found in the area, along with the first-ever Emerald Bowfin — a warm-water fish native to Ontario — upstream of Lake Shore Boulevard in the Don River watershed.”

From National Observer.

China Daily | Conservation & Biodiversity

Fishing Ban Revives Yangtze Finless Porpoises

“The population of the Yangtze finless porpoise, the only freshwater porpoise species in China’s longest river, has risen to 1,426 in 2025, indicating that the fishing ban and other conservation efforts are reviving the ecosystem of the Yangtze River.

The figure, released in a 2025 survey, shows an increase of 177 individuals from the previous assessment in 2022 and represents a continued recovery since the decade-long fishing ban launched in 2021, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said on Friday.

Once numbering about 2,700 in the early 1990s, the flagship species of the Yangtze River fell to just 1,012 by 2017 due to human activities, according to research institutions.”

From China Daily.

Smithsonian Magazine | Conservation & Biodiversity

Ostriches Introduced in Saudi Arabia to Replace Birds That Went Extinct

“Five red-necked ostriches have been released in a nature reserve in Saudi Arabia as part of an ambitious plan to ‘rewild’ the region.

In December, conservationists announced the release of the tall, leggy birds into Prince Mohammed bin Salman Royal Reserve, a 9,460-square-mile protected area in the northwest part of the country.

Red-necked ostriches, also known as North African or Barbary ostriches, are meant to serve as a biological replacement for Arabian ostriches, which used to inhabit the region but went extinct in 1941 because of overhunting and habitat loss. The wiped-out subspecies’ closest living relative is the red-necked ostrich, which has biological features that aid its survival in a harsh desert environment.

But red-necked ostriches are also on the brink of extinction, with fewer than 1,000 birds remaining in scattered pockets across Africa’s semi-arid region in the central north, per the announcement. Some experts consider the subspecies to be critically endangered. Biologists hope members of the recently introduced population will reproduce and help bolster the birds’ numbers.

The ostriches mark the 12th species to be reintroduced to the nature reserve, along with Arabian oryx, Persian onager, sand gazelle and mountain gazelle. Conservationists hope to eventually bring back a total of 23 historically occurring native species as part of a broader, long-term ecosystem restoration plan. The reserve is partnering on the initiative with the National Center for Wildlife, as well as Imam Turki bin Abdullah Royal Nature Reserve, Imam Saud bin Abdulaziz Royal Reserve, Aramco, NEOM and AlUla.”

From Smithsonian Magazine.