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01 / 05
Congo Has Improved Its Response to Ebola with Every New Outbreak

The Economist | Communicable Disease

Congo Has Improved Its Response to Ebola with Every New Outbreak

“So far the outbreak in Kasai, which was confirmed by the UN’s World Health Organisation (WHO) on September 4th, has killed 16 people, four of them health workers, and infected dozens of others. The toll is likely to rise, especially because there was a lag between the first death on August 25th and confirmation that Ebola was to blame. Since people can contract the disease through contact with the bodies of victims, quickly isolating the sick and safely disposing of the dead is vital.

For now, experts are reasonably optimistic they can stop the spread. There are several reasons for that, besides the remote location of the outbreak. Initial assessments of the fatality rate are relatively low, with just over half of known patients succumbing even before clinics have been set up. In the early stages of previous outbreaks, nearly all those who fell ill died.

Congo’s experience with Ebola means it has improved its response with every new outbreak. Besides better logistics and medical capacity, it now has access to new antibody treatments that can reverse the disease’s progress and help with recovery. Unlike other parts of Congo, Kasai is not currently a site of major armed conflict.

Last but not least, there is now an effective vaccine. It was unavailable a decade ago, when Ebola killed more than 11,000 people during an outbreak in west Africa, and was still in its experimental stages when thousands more died of the disease in Congo in 2018 and 2019. Now the WHO is ferrying 2,000 doses of the vaccine from Kinshasa to Kasai, along with medical specialists, protective equipment and $2m from its emergency fund.”

From The Economist.

Nigerian Tribune | Communicable Disease

Nigeria Nears Trachoma Elimination

“Nigeria is close to eliminating trachoma as a public health problem, with only 11 Local Government Areas (LGAs) left to achieve elimination, the Director of the National Trachoma Programme at the Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Nicholas Olobio, has said.

Olobio disclosed this on Thursday in Abuja during a learning event organised by Sightsavers to review progress under the AcceleraTE Trachoma Elimination Programme, which has supported Nigeria’s trachoma response since 2018.

He said Nigeria had made significant progress towards eliminating the blinding disease, revealing that mass drug administration (MDA) had been stopped in 116 LGAs, representing about 87 per cent of the country’s elimination target.”

From Nigerian Tribune.

UCL | Noncommunicable Disease

Trial Shows Safer Antibiotic Option for Staph Blood Infection

“The SNAP trial, funded in the UK by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) found that a little used antibiotic, cefazolin, is as effective as and safer than the current UK standard therapy, flucloxacillin, for treating life-threatening staph blood infections. More than half of staph blood infections lead to sepsis and 15% to 25% of those who get these infections die within three months.

The researchers also found that a commonly used antibiotic, penicillin, can be used when the staph is treatable with this in the laboratory. And that similarly this is probably as effective as flucloxacillin, and safer.

The findings from the SNAP trial, published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) and The Lancet, challenge the long-held assumption that flucloxacillin should remain the default treatment and provide important new evidence to guide treatment strategy.”

From UCL.

StanfordPreport | Communicable Disease

Farming Technique Could Curb Devastating Tropical Disease

“Despite decades of mass drug administration campaigns, schistosomiasis remains one of the world’s most widespread neglected tropical diseases. Rice farmers and their families are particularly at risk, as the parasitic worms that cause the disease are spread by freshwater snails found in the standing water of rice fields.

New research published in Nature Sustainability has explored how rice-fish coculturing – an intervention technique that introduces fish into the rice fields – could help reduce disease incidence and poverty along the northern Senegal River basin, a hot spot for schistosomiasis.”

From StanfordPreport.

WTOP News | Communicable Disease

The Company Releasing 600,000 Wolbachia-Infected Mosquitoes

“For the first time, a Silver Spring, Maryland, business is releasing hundreds of thousands of infected mosquitoes this summer…

They’re releasing male mosquitoes infected with the gut bacteria Wolbachia, called ZAP males. Males don’t bite, and when a ZAP male mates with a female mosquito, she will no longer be able to produce offspring.

‘When they mate with a female, they actually cause that female to then become infertile for the rest of her life,’ Montgomery said. ‘She’s going around laying eggs that will never hatch.’

The program targets the aggressive Asian Tiger Mosquito, one of the most common species in the D.C. area, which can transmit Dengue Fever, Zika and Yellow Fever.

ZAP males are shipped from Kentucky-based MosquitoMate, which has nationwide EPA approval to use the mosquitoes as a biopesticide. The technology is relatively new in the United States but has already proven successful internationally.”

From WTOP News.